Centrifugal governor.



m .N m Nv w M m LG 1U m m APPLICATION nun I'EZB.7,'1906.

Patented Sept. 2 9,1908.

'INVENTOR ATTORNEY.

' WITNESS rm: Mamas PETERS'C UNITED STATES PATENT onrron.

RUDOLPH SIEGMUND, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-CHALMERSCOMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

following is a specification.

This invention relates to a centrifugally operable device.

This invention has utility when embodied in a spring governor of the flyball type, either for direct acting or relay regulation, as theconstruction permits of "reat sensitiveness, uniform action fordifferent positions, adjustment of permissible fluctuation,

loading to change speed, and the speed change may approach a constantwith variable governor power, or the governor power may be constant withgreater variation in movement of control device as affected by thespeed.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 shows an elevation, partly insection,of an embodiment of the invention in a governor. Fig. 2 is anend view, and Fig. 3 a plan view thereof. Fig. 4 is a diagrammaticscheme to better illustrate the operation of the invention built inaccordance with showing in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic showing,bringing out difference in o eration due to change in the angle of oneo' the bell cranks. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a detail.

The fly balls or weights 1 are carried on bell cranks having arms 2connected to the weight, and arms 3 connected by links 4 to the drivenmeans 5, which, in the instance shown, is a control device. Each flyweight has an extension or armfi, one of which is connected to a bellcrank having arm 7 attached to the arm 6; the other arm 8 of the bellcrank being at an angle thereto, which angle need not be a right angle.The other arm 6 is connected to a bell crank having arms 70 and 80. Thebell cranks 2, 3 are mounted on the pins 9, and the bellcranks 7, 8 and70, 80 are mounted on. the pins 10 and 100. These ins are carried in thefixed frame 11. T e bell crank 7, 8, is composed of the two arms 7 and8which are attached at opposite ends of pin 10, the pin being supportedbetween said arms by the frame 11. The bell cranks 7, 8, 70 and 80,

and 2, 3, support the fly weights, and the supports thus provided beinglocated above and below the centers of gravity of the balls, provideconvenient means for supporting the balls irres ective of the exactposition of the centers 0' gravity of the balls, whereby the balls areproperly supported to perform their function without necessitating adelicate balancing of the balls with respect to su ports. Attached tothe bell crank arm 8 1s the link 12 having its op osite end connected tothe sliding crossead or driven means 13, guided by rods 14, which rods14 are mounted upon the frame 11 and have their upper ends steadied bythe bar 15. The bar 15 carries the stem 16, around which stem is mountedthe tension spring 17 between the cross-head 13 and adjusting nut 18,which nut has threaded engagement with the stem 16.

Adjusting nuts 19 are mounted on the rod 20 to restrain the compressionsprings 21 in the recesses 22 of the balls 1. The spring 17 serves as aloading device for the governor, or as a normal speed adjustment, for byvarying the action of this spring 17, the speed at which the balls willbe thrown out may be T changed. The springs 21 serve as a means forvarying the permissible speed fluctuation limit that is, if thecompression of the spring 21 were increased, the governor would becomeless sensitive to slight variations in speed; while if the com ressionof the spring were decreased, the sta ility of the governor would bedecreased; that is, a less change in speed would be necessary to causethe governor to actuate the controlled device. Adjustment of the spring17 serves to vary the normal speed of the governor independently of thegovernors stability. Adjustment of the springs 21, while changing thestability of the governor, also slightly affects the normal speed.Accordingly, if a change of stability is desired and it is wished toalso retain the normal speed, adjustment of the nuts 19 and 18 isnecessary. The springs 21 oppose the centrifugal force of the flyweights, the centrifugal force generated by one fly weight and tendingto cause the rod 20 to move being balanced by the centrifugal forcegenerated by the other fly weight, this latter centrifugal force actingupon rod 20 in a direction opposite to that of the first, wherebytendency of rod 20 to move endwise is neutralized. The great advantageof. this specific construction is that it provides a simple andconvenient means for directly opposing the centrifugal forces developedwithout imposing loads upon pins which would be necessary were thesecentrifugal forces opposed by means of fulcrumed levers. With theconstruction illustrated by the drawings accomp anying thisspecification, the pins which serve as fulcrums for the bell cranks aresubjected to only sufficient strain to overcome the inertia orresistance which must be overcome as the governor performs its function;wherefore, the friction loads upon these pins are reduced to a minimum,thereby insuring sensitiveness of the governor.

Referring to Fig. 4, the operation of the device is as follows: The bellcrank 2 3 is a right angle lever and, as shown, its range of movementfrom its limit in one direction, shown in full lines, to its limit ofmovement in the opposite direction, shown in dotted lines, results inthe mean movement of its arm 2, being substantially parallel to the axisof the driving element or frame 11. As this bell crank is a right angledlever, its opposite arm has its mean movement normal to the axis of therotary driving element 11, or parallel to the radius of the circle inwhich the fly balls revolve. This particular form of the bell cranklever 2 3 results in a nearly uniform lift of the sleeve 5 during thetotal are of movement of the arm 3 resulting from change of speed. Theparticular mounting of the arm 2 relative to the fly weight 1 tends torestrain the ball movement more nearly to a plane normal to the axis ofthe rotary element. Referring to the curve development: A to B serves toshow total movement of the sleeve 5. Laying off the speed of thegovernor for lowest position of the sleeve as AC, then taking a pointabove and speed the governor until the sleeve is lifted to that point, aresulting speed is obtained which is laid off parallel to the line ACfrom the position of the sleeve taken on the line A-B; By taking severalpositions of the sleeve and laying off the speeds parallel to the lineA-C from those points, a speed curve is produced corresponding to theline CD. This curve shows that with a governor having a right angledbell crank, the lift increases as the speed decreases. That is, shouldthe con trolled device have considerable inertia of rest, the rightangled structure is not so desirable, for it exerts less lifting powerfor a greater speed change in its initial movements. Consideringthe bellcranks having the arms 70, S: The iiy weight 1 at its inner positionrevolves with radius E. At its outer position the fly weight revolveswith radius F. At its inner position the fly weight, through its arm 6and bell crank 70, 80, gives the arm of the bell crank an effectiveradius cfor transmitting force through the rod 12 to affect theyieldable means 17.

As the radius of rotation of the weight 1 increases to .F, the increasedpower due to eentrifugal force from the greater linear velocity of theweight is transmitted to the yieldahle means 17 through a greatereffective radiusf of the arm 80, and accordingly proportional 1y lesspower is transmitted to the spring 17. In mounting the bell crank lever70, 80, it is so positioned that the effective radius of the arm 80shall proportionally approximate the effective radius of the fly balls.That is. E F approximately.

Referring to Fig. 5: The lly weight 1 is mounted 011 the bell cranklever 2 3, which lever has the angle between its arms of less than.90.The arm 3 is connected to the. link 4. As shown, the mean of movement ofthe arm 2 is parallel to the axis of the rotary driving element. The arm3 in all its movement lies on one side of a normal from its pivot pointto the axis of the rotary driving element. By this structure, while theradial movements of the fly weight are approximately uniform asalfecting movement of the arm 2, these movements as transmitted to thearm 3 produce a gradually decreasing eflect upon the link 4.. Developinga curve for such a structure similar to the process described in Fig. 4,the lines Al3 show movement of the sleeve and Cl) the speed curve whichvery closely approximates a straight line. Accordingly this structure isone in which the speed changes produce an approximately constant changein the posi tion of the sleeve. This structure would be desirable in asituation where there is no great inertia of rest to be overcome in theearlier movements of the sleeve.

The operation of the governor disclosed by Figs. 1, 2 and of thedrawings is as follows: As the spindle and fixed frame 11 are revolved,the weights 1 will be thrown out by centrifugal force, their outwardmovement being opposed by the springs 21 with a resistance dependingupon the adjustment of the nuts 19. As the weights are supported by thearms 7 and 70, and the bell cranks 2, 3, they are free to respond to thecentrifugal forces developed, the only resistance which they have toovercome being the inertia and weight of the collar 5 (including themechanism to which it may be connected) and the tension of spring 17,and as the centrifugal forces developed. are opposed by the springs 21,the only friction loads which the pins 9, 10 and have to bear are theloads due to overcoming the work imposed upon the bell weight, aplurality of links engaged with said weight to support the same, and aspring to oppose outward movement of said fly Weight under the influenceof centrifugal force.

2. The combination in a governor, of a plurality of fly weights, aplurality of links engaged with each of said fly weights and supportingthe same, springs adapted to oppose outward movement of said fly weightsunder the influence of centrifugal force, and means connecting saidsprings.

3. The combination in a governor, of a plurality of fly weights, aplurality of links engaged with each of said fly Weights and supportingthe same, springs adapted to oppose outward movement of said fly weightsunder the influence of centrifugal force, means connecting said springs,and an additional spring also adapted to oppose outward movement of theweights under the influence of centrifugal force.

4. The combination in a governor,'of a plurality of fly weights, alurality of links engaged to each of said y weights and supporting thesame, springs adapted to oppose outward movement of said fly weightsunder the influence of centrifugal force, means connecting said springs,an additional spring also adapted to oppose outward movement of theweights under the influence of centrifugal force, and driven meansconnected to th Weights.

5. The combination in a governor, of a fly weight, bell crank leverssupporting and positioning said weight, and a spring to oppose theoutward movement of said weight under the influence of centrifugalforce.

6. A governor, including a fly weight, a pair of levers supporting theweight, loading means engagedby one lever, and a controlled deviceengaged by the other lever.

7. A governor, including a fly weight, a pair of levers su porting theweight, loading means engaged y one lever, a controlled device engagedby the other lever, and a spring resisting outward movement of theweight.

8. A governor, including a rotary element, a fly Weight driven by theelement, and a plurality of links supporting the weight, one of whichlinks has its mean movement parallel to the axis of the element.

9. A governor, including a fly weight, and a bell crank having the meanmovement of its weight-carrying arm normal to the radius of revolutionof the weight.

10. A governor, including a rotary element, a fly weight driven by theelement and a bell crank having the mean movement of its weight-carryingarm parallel to the axis of the element, and the other arm of the leverin its lowest position normal to the element.

1 1. The combination in a governor, of a fly weight, a spring, and alink connected to said spring for supporting said weight.

12. The combination in a governor, of a fly weight, a spring, and abell-crank lever connected to said spring for su porting said weight,said eflective lever ength of the spring-connected arm of saidbell-crank increasing in proportion to the speed of the governor.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

RUDOLPH SIEGMU ND.

Witnesses:

GEO. E. KIRK, G. F. DEWEIN.

